The Socioeconomic and Spatial Dimensions of Adolescent Overweight and Obesity: The Case of Arab and Jewish Towns in Israel
Moran, M1*, Goldblatt, R2, Plaut, P3, Endevelt, R1,4, Baron-Epel, O1
Affiliation
- 1School of Public Health, Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Studies, University of Haifa, Israel
- 2School of Global Policy and Strategy, University of California, San Diego
- 3Faculty of Architecture and Town Planning, Technion- Israel Institute of Technology
- 4Health promotion, Community health Maccabi Healthcare Services, Tel Aviv, Israel
Corresponding Author
Mika Moran, School of Public Health, Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Studies, University of Haifa, Aba Khoushi Ave 199, Mount Carmel, Haifa, Israel, Zip code: 3498838 Tel: 972-4-8288658; moran.mika@gmail.com
Citation
Moran, M., et al. The Socioeconomic and Spatial Dimensions of Adolescent Overweight and Obesity: The Case of Arab and Jewish Towns in Israel. (2015) J Environ Health Sci 1(2): 1-12.
Copy rights
© 2015 Moran, M. This is an Open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Keywords
Abstract
Childhood and adolescent overweight/obesity is a major burden on public health worldwide. A growing body of empirical evidence highlights the impact of community characteristics of childhood obesity. This study explored socioeconomic and spatial variations of adolescent overweight/obesity in Israel by using an ecological approach. Towns' socioeconomic and spatial characteristics were found associated with adolescent overweight/obesity in opposite directions in Jewish and Arab towns. Adolescent overweight/obesity was found to be more prevalent in Jewish towns characterized by lower socioeconomic rank (SER) and higher peripherality levels and in Arab towns characterized by higher SER and lower peripheraliy levels. Additionally, inequalities were found to be positively related to adolescent overweight/obesity in Jewish towns. After adjusting for SER, the associations between peripherality and adolescent overweight/obesity were attuned in Jewish towns, but not in Arab towns. These findings correspond with the literature, as the results obtained for the Jewish and Arab towns are consistent with studies conducted in developed and in developing countries, respectively. Therefore, the findings highlight the importance of macro level factors enhancing obesity, and suggest that national policy may benefit from town-level interventions addressing adolescent overweight/obesity. Several explanations to the study's findings are discussed, involving social, environmental and individual factors.
