Assessment of the Depression-Level Effectiveness of the Curse Words in Young Adults in Private Co-Educational Pharmaceutical Institutions in Pune University Pharmaceutical Institutions Living With Poor Sanitation, India: A Pre-planned, Causal-Pathway-Based Analysis
Affiliation
Department of Health Research Indian Council of Medical Research, Post-Doctoral Fellow, New Delhi
Corresponding Author
Rahul Hajare, Post-Doctoral Fellow, Department of Health Research Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, Former Associate Professor RD College of Pharmacy Bhor, India. Tel 011- 26588590; E-mail: rahulhajare@rediffmail.com
Citation
Rahul, H. Assessment of the Depression-Level Effectiveness of the Curse Words in Young Adults in Private Co-Educational Pharmaceutical Institutions in Pune University Pharmaceutical Institutions Living With Poor Sanitation, India: A Pre-planned, Causal-Pathway-Based Analysis. (2018) J Gastrointest Disord Liver Func 4(1): 6- 10.
Copy rights
© 2018 Rahul, H. This is an Open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Abstract
Depression and substance abuse is on the increase all over the world. The poor and the rich are also involved in this dangerous habit that has impact not only on reproductive health but also has an impact on family, society, increase in health care expense and increased criminal activity. Health care providers are more concerned with treating the victims and less concerned on its prevention. Pregnant women bear greater brunt and there is adverse pregnancy outcome. Low birth weight, preterm labour, increased in miscarriage and raised perinatal mortality is some of the adverse effects. Children of such parents are more likely to inherit this bad trait. Children living in abusive homes where drugs and alcohol abuse occur simultaneously are often deprived of more than just the basics of food and shelter. Depression is defined as, “Any act on the part of the husband, partner or family which causes physical, mental, social or psychological trauma to the woman and prevent sher from developing her personality.” Reason for the increase in depression violence are; urbanization, industrialization, growth of urban slums, co-education and co - working in offices and factories, modern movies, television, obscene and pornographic literature and decreasing religious restrictions.
Introduction
As we aware sex lives in black mind[1,2]. The research investigated whether young adults use of curse words are related to depression a danger. Prior research has suggested links between the use of curse words and anger and between depression and anger. In a large study involving university undergraduates, we assessed depression, frequency of curse word usage, and expressive anger. The results showed that for women, but not men, the relationship between the use of curse words and depression was mediated by anger[3,4]. Cursing was not significantly related to depression in men. These results suggest that the use of curse words may be useful in identifying women experiencing depression symptoms non-clinical investigation in privately manage co-educational pharmaceutical institution in pune university. Implications for using verbal behaviours as indicators of depression are discussed. Depression is a mental illness that affects approximately 350 million people each year (Reported World Health Organization, 2016). Prior research has shown that anger can be a major symptom in those experiencing depression. Verbal behaviour is an important source of information about individuals seeking mental health treatment, such as those seeking treatment for depressions. The focus of the present research was to investigate the extent to which depression lead to the use of some forms of verbal behaviour, such as use of curse words examination had been done dilation of pupil, skin tone of women. The effects that depression has on both the individual and society are far-reaching. Depression significantly decreases quality of life at the individual level. Recent economic analyses have shown that the cost of major depressive disorder in the India particular pharmacy institution in private for personal benefit has goes up in 2017, taking into account direct, suicide-related, and workplace costs. Factors such as decreased productivity at work and increased health care costs to employers have increased over time as depressive disorders have become more widespread. The World Health Organization estimates that depression will be the second most prevalent disorder in the world if it continues to increase at the current rate (WHO, 2016). According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual- Fifth Edition (2013), major depressive disorder (MDD) and related depressive disorders are characterized by persistent. Depression has also a relationship between age variation in heterosexual attraction and using depressive words to expressed forced sex and abuse habit[5,6]. Depressive symptoms that affect normal functioning, such as loss of interest or pleasure, loss of happiness, loss good looking, loss of easy smile, dirty body smell, unhygienic staff, and loss of health principal in previously enjoyed activities and disturbance of mood and acidity personality, personality of urine disorder and cancer prone personality is also an extended cause of depression in middle age staff of pharmacy institution. A variety of other possible symptoms such as change in weight or appetite, disordered sleep, and fatigue, skin rashes and lupus may also present. Major depressive disorder is characterized by symptomology for at least two weeks, whereas longer lasting mood disorders such as persistent depressive disorder (previously medical science called dysthymia) can last for up to five years, with depressive symptoms similar to MDD. Depression occurs with a variety of other psychological and physical conditions, such as anxiety and chronic illness that can define by the body structure, body asymmetry and body line. Young adults such as college students are diagnosed with depression at a very high rate, and depression has been identified as the number one health problem among college students. Not everyone who is depressed seeks treatment or perceives the need to seek treatment. Lack of treatment leads to decreased quality of life and increased economic burden associated with depressive disorders. Current estimates suggest that of individuals who are experiencing depressive symptoms, only 70-75 % seeks treatment. Common reasons for not seeking treatment include inability to access treatment due to financial or untold, stigma due to cultural expectations, embarrassment; ora need to cope with issues internally without the help of others. Alternatively, some individuals may not perceive the severity of their depressive symptoms to be great enough to seek treatment. While symptoms such as low mood, fatigue, and sleep issues, inability of love are somewhat commonly known to be associated with depression, there are some symptom patterns that may not be as familiar. For example, lack of ability to concentrate, memory problems, and physical symptoms such as gastrointestinal issues or migraines can also be indicators of depression. Irritability and anger can be symptoms of depression. Externalizing behaviours such as these maybe expressed as self-destructive behaviour, such as risk-taking and substance abuse, especially formen. It has been well documented that there are sex differences in the symptoms of depression unawareness of love sex[7,8]. Women are more likely to exhibit higher levels of internalizing symptoms (e.g., stress, rumination), while males are more likely to exhibit more externalizing symptoms (e.g., aggression). In addition, women are more frequently diagnosed with depressive disorders and depressive symptoms for females are found to be more severe that comes under not to true principal of health. In a 2015 study, college of pharmacy Pune University found that, in a large sample of individuals diagnosed with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) females had higher reported levels of comorbidity and symptom severity including symptoms such as: weight gain, anxiety, and suicidal ideation. It has been suggested that the increased negative symptomology experienced by females when compared to males might be due to ovarian hormones and varying levels of sensitivity to adrenal hormones in the hypothalamic - pituitary - adrenal (HPA) axis when exposed to stress. Other explanations pertaining to the sex-differences between depression symptoms and behaviour have focused largely on cultural gender socialization. Specifically, in western cultures, males are more frequently socialized to believe that it is more socially acceptable to exhibit anger while females are not this could be why depressed males engage in more externalizing symptoms (i.e., aggression) than females. The purpose of the present research was to test the hypothesis non-clinical investigation that individuals who are experiencing depression symptoms produce some forms of verbal behaviours, such as use of curse words. We further hypothesized that the relationship between cursing and depression may be mediated by anger. Separate lines of research have shown that anger is related to depression and that anger is related to cursing with higher levels of anger related to higher levels of both depression and cursing. The body of literature documenting the relationship between anger and depression is vast. The link between anger and depression was known. The degree of anger and severity of depression are positively correlated. Aggression, irritability, and hostility are related terms that refer to anger directed outwardly[9,10]. The cognitive act of rumination mediated the relationship between depression and anger in nonclinical community sample of adults, suggesting that anger and depression interact in a way that is characterized by both internal and external manifestations. Indeed, found that cognitive components of anger / hostility predicted increases in depression among a sample of nonclinical older adults. Anger mediated the relationship between college students’ emotion regulation abilities and their depression. The students were a nonclinical sample, similar to the one reported in the present study. The relationship between anger and cursing has been substantially examined as well. Primary purpose of cursing is to express emotions such as anger, and to portray that emotion to others through the verbal behaviour of cursing. Cursing has been shown to have a dampening effect on intense feelings of anger and frustration, providing an outlet for expression without requiring the person to necessarily engage in aggressive physical acts to channel the emotion. Points out that the intensity of curse words can be adjusted[11,12].
Methods
Participants
Fifty five ( 20 women, 25 men ) undergraduates who were enrolled in courses in the department at RD College of Pharmacy affiliated to Pune University Pune participated in exchange for course credit. The sample was 8% White, 5% Black, 6% Obese; 5% unsymmetrical body; 1% living with poor sanitation and 1% alcohol dependent. Sixty five percent of the sample reported high family income to be 60,000 or more.
Materials
Participants completed survey in which the use of curse words, depression symptoms, anger, and demographics were assessed. We assessed participants’ use of curse words using the self - report method described by researcher (2017). Participants were asked to rate the frequency with which they used 20 curse words used frequently by Marathi speakers (i.e., Bhikari, do not respect, fake smile, showing up high style, do not come to college, bastard, bitch, go to home, Nitch). Frequency of usage was rated on a 6 – point scale (1 = never, 2 = rarely, as in once or twice a year, 3 = occasionally, as in once or twice a month, 4 = about once or twice a week, 5 = about once or twice a day, and 6 = three to five times day, and 7 = more than five times a day).
Procedure
Participants viewed the invitation to participate in the study on SONA, which directed them to the survey which was implemented with a professional license of Surveymonkey.com. Additional information collected from college muster, signature style, colour of signature, font size and treatment received by administrative officer while signed the muster.
Data Collection
Data was collected using a 10 - item semi - structured questionnaire administer done – on - one in private by a trained male female staffs study team member. The questionnaire was informed by prior studies examining determinants of depression experience in other settings, piloted in 8 individuals, and modified accordingly to better achieve the aims of the study. The primary outcome, past 3-month experience of depression perpetrated by either the participant’s senior or a member of the approve assistant professor, was measured using the small city mind set depression and Control. That is a culturally - tailored depression measure, composed of 108 items informed by qualitative interviews with community members and individuals working directly with depression survivors in Pune University pharmaceutical Institutions living with poor sanitation (PUPILPS), that surveys control, psychological, physical, pupil dilations and mind script, and was validated in married male female staffs residing in Pune Pharmaceutical Institutions. Potential correlates of depression experience (Table 1& Fig 1) were surveyed across 10 domains: 1) socio-demographics, 2) depression conceptualization and acceptance, 3) the marital relationship and marital family relationship, 4) telephonic communication and behaviours, 5) sexual attraction, 6) reproductive health, 7) staffs abuse and gambling, and 8) stress, 9) resilience, and 10) social support.
Results
A number of variables were dropped from consideration due to co linearity. In choosing between variables, those with greater correlation with the outcome were used. For example, age and education of the respondent were both associated with age and education of the staffs; therefore, the staff’s variables were used. Similarly, the amount of premarital contact was associated with how well the participant felt. A multivariable model for Domain R6 from curse word used by examination In charge / theory &practical examination was not run longer because after accounting for co linearity, only this variable, capacity to communicate willingness to have approval power., that domain was a candidate prior 3 - month betting and gambling was excluded from the final model because of the low frequency of affirmative response. The final model is shown in domain R 10 in the result, depression experience was significantly associated with less educational attainment by the participant’s staffs, less satisfaction of the family with the maanpaan they received at the time of work, poorer conflict negotiation skills, and greater acknowledgement of depression occurrence in family and friends. The research examined the relationships among use of curse words, anger, and depression symptoms in order to determine whether cursing may be predictive of depression symptoms in young adults. The results confirmed that for women, the relationship between use of curse words and depression symptoms was mediated fully by expressive anger. For men, the relationship between depression and use of curse words was not significant. The present research had many similarities in findings with previous research. First and foremost, the present study found that females reported higher levels of depression than males. I would like to request Hon’ble Present Prime Minister of India to stop approval of course who has poor level sanitation, low level oxygen uptake, abuse words used by head of the department, I would also like to request Hon’ble present prime minister to check the Ashaaram pattern in private Pharmaceutical Institution in Pune University. Alcohol dependency from adult men in service privately managed pharmaceutical institutions and not allow licence to permit open a wine shop nearer to pharmaceutical Institutions.
Table 1: Modified and Inter & Intra Relationship of Different staffs against curse words.
R1 | R2 | R3 | R4 | R5 | R6 | R7 | R8 | R9 | R10 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Curse word used by approved Assistant Professor /per week | Curse word used by senior staffs (Male & Female)/per month | Curse word used by Principal / Meting & short metering alternatively | Curse word used by HOD/ Theory Examination | Curse word used by HOD/ Practical Examination | Curse word used by Examination Incharge / Theory &Practical Examination | Curse word used by senior non-teaching/ Semester | Curse word used by senior female staffs / Engaged extra workload | Curse word used by Administrative Officer/ Month | Curse word used Principal /Theory Examination |
1 | 1 | 9 | 1 | 6 | 1 | 5 | 1 | 3 | 9 |
3 | 8 | 4 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 9 | 0 | 9 |
1 | 7 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 9 | 5 | 8 |
2 | 9 | 1 | 1 | 7 | 9 | 7 | 8 | 0 | 7 |
4 | 3 | 6 | 9 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 7 |
2 | 7 | 3 | 9 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 5 |
1 | 4 | 1 | 9 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 2 | 4 |
0 | 2 | 7 | 5 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 6 | 2 | 2 |
Figure 1: Comparing study of different staffs while performing work at work place.
Acknowledgment
This study has been guided by under supervision and guidance of Renowned Laboratory Scientist Respected Dr. Ramesh Paranjape’ Retd. Director and Scientist ‘G’ National AIDS Research Institute India. I express my deep gratitude towards Respected Sir’ for motivation and being great knowledge source for this research.
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